اسلام اوربین الاقوامی قانون میں مذہبی آزادی اوربنیادی انسانی حقوق کاتصور (میثاق مدینہ کے حوالے سے علمی وتحقیقی جائزہ)

THE CONCEPT OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM AND FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHTS IN ISLAM AND INTERNATIONAL LAW WITH THE REFERENCE OF CHARTER OF MADINAH

Abstract

Charter of Madinah is the First Islamic Constitution and the earliest recorded constitution of the world. This Charter concerned the rights and responsibilities of the Muslim, Jewish, and other Arab and tribal communities of Medina during the war between that city and its neighbours. Medina Charter was created based on Holy Quran and Sunnah. Therefore, the Holy Quran and Sunnah are the fundamental source of the state law. The charter also was an instrument to unite the nation and a signed of a state sovereignty. Other principles that contain in the charter were; Freedom of movement and the right to live in Medina, rights and duties in terms of defending and maintaining the State. It also provides good relations and mutual help among all citizens and individual responsibility and government duty in upholding social justice.