مبایعۃ الکفار ومقاطعتھم في التشریع الإسلامي

Abstract

Islam is a complete and comprehensive code of life that provides guidance across all dimensions of human existence. It addresses not only matters of faith and worship ('aqā'id wa 'ibādāt) but also offers detailed direction in worldly affairs and social transactions (mu'āmalāt). These transactions may broadly be divided into two major categories: first, those conducted among Muslims themselves, encompassing commercial exchange (bay' wa shirā'), marriage and divorce (nikāḥ wa ṭalāq), inheritance (mīrāth), and ethical conduct; and second, those involving interactions between Muslims and non-Muslims (ghayr muslimīn).

This article examines a specific dimension of the latter category, namely the Islamic position on trade engagement (mubāya'ah) and economic boycott (muqāṭa'ah) with non-believers (kuffār). The study begins by defining and conceptually delineating the term muqāṭa'ah (boycott) within its classical Islamic framework. It then proceeds to analyze the issue in light of the Prophetic Biography (Sīrat al-Nabī ﷺ) and the scholarly opinions of classical jurists and traditionists (fuqahā' wa muḥaddithīn). Finally, the article presents and evaluates the perspectives of contemporary Islamic scholars (mu'āṣir fuqahā') on this matter, offering a balanced and contextually grounded jurisprudential analysis.